Sailors were sometimes called "bnei kufra" - people of tar (since they used tar to line their boats): Bava Metzia 69b-70a
The righteousness of sailors: Niddah 14a
Special fasts by the weekly "maamad" shifts praying for the benefit of sailors, travellers in the desert, infants, and pregnant and nursing women: Taanit 27b
Rav Nachman advising sailors on how to know the calendar while at sea: Rosh HaShanah 21a
Shemuel consulted sailors for the translation of a detergent named "Ashleg": Shabbat 90a
The standard size of a boat: Bava Metzia 80b
How often a sailor is expected to have sexual relations with his wife, fulfilling his requirement of onah: Ketuvot 61b, 62a-b