Forbidden Labors
Please note that for ease of use [and design] I have used Rashi's classifications of "Central" and "Descendant" Classes of Labor.
Links
Central Classes of Labor
Whether labor on Shabbat applies outside of Israel: Kiddushin 37a
"Labor" is defined as "melechet machshevet," an act involving craftsmanship: Beitzah 13b [see Rashi]
Source to determine the 39 Forbidden Types of Work: Shabbat 70a, 97b
The Source for having 39 Forbidden Types of Work is A Law Spoken to Moshe at Mt. Sinai: Shabbat 97b
List of the 39 Central Types of Work: Shabbat 73a
That which was performed in the Tabernacle is considered a Central type of work: Bava Kamma 2a
Listing Forms of Work involved in bread-baking, and so listing Cooking under Baking: Shabbat 74b
Listing Forms of Work which are identical, or overlap, in the List of 39: Shabbat 73b-74a, 75b
Listing Forms of Work which are unnecessary for regular use: Shabbat 74a
Requiring a Minimum Amount of work for Violation: Shabbat 74a
Requiring that Work be done to completion, or not: Shabbat 103a-b
Requiring that Work be done in the ordinary way it is done: Shabbat 73b, 74b, 94b, 123b
Requiring that Work accomplish something permanent: Shabbat 102b, 103b, 104b
Adding "Shovet" and "Midakdek" to the list, forms of Work involved in arranging and using a loom: Shabbat 75b, 97b
There is Sekilah for intentional violation if there is a Sin-Offering for accidental violation of that type of labor: Shabbat 154a
Being more lenient regarding Shabbat than Yom Tov, because Yom Tov is inherently more lenient in its laws, leading people to possibly disregard its prohibitions: Beitzah 2a-b
Comparing the definition of "Complete Melachah [Gmar Melachah]" for Shabbat and for processing of produce to require tithing: Beitzah 13b
Specific Central Forms of Work